Process for producing dyeings



, 92,244, filed July Patented June 18, 1940" PATENT OFFICE 2,204,933 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING DYEINGS Charles Graenacher,

signor to Society Basie, Basel,

No Drawing. Original Serial No. 217,633. cation March 14, 1939, Switzerland This application is a division of Patent Serial No. 217,633, filed in U. S. A. on July 5, 1938, and in Switzerland on July 10, 1937.

In U. 8. Patents Nos. 2,095,600 and 2,120,741 and in the U. S. patent applications Serial No. 23, 1936, and Serial 110,173,528,

filed November 8, 1937, there are described water soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestufls which contain in the acyl residue groups determining water-solubility.. In thejsaid speci-' fication it is explained .how such derivatives may be used for producing dyeings by treatin them on the substratum,-for instance vegetable fiber, with asaponifylng agent.

-.astextilesofanimalo to the duration of 4&5v

It has now been found that quite generally a certain diiiiculty consists therein that such easily soluble acyl derivatives can be more or less diS-f' solved from the fiber during the saponiflcation'. .Thisis particularly the case if the aflinity of the new ester-like derivatives for the substrata is not very pronounced. Whereas this affinity is rather pronoun in certain substrate such for example wool or silk, it is smaller with substrate of vegetable origin, for example textiles from cellulose (this term comprising'both regenerated and native cellulose). In siich cases it is necessary to conduct the treatment with the saponiiy'ing agents under'rjnore energetic conditions with regard to the hydronl ion concentration of the saponiiying. liquid. Thus it is avoided that, preceding the saponification, the water-soluble salts of the ester-like products are dissolved in part from the fibre by the treating liquor. Apart from thefact that such a method of working doesinot always lead to quite satisfactory results, there is a disadvantage if the substratum or the final dyestufl is sensitive to caustic alkali.

It has now been found thatby theselection of suitable conditionsit is possible to reduce the dissolution of the water-soluble acyl derivatives-from thesubstratum previously. to their saponification to a minimum, so that withregard the saponification and the hydroxyl ion concentration of the saponifying liquid one is in a position to select for the saponification the mostiavorable conditions with respect to the substratum, sensitiveness to alkali of the dyestuffs, and the apparatuses. These' conditionsexist for example when carrying out Biehen,

f ter of the parent filed July 5, 1938, there may be used salts such as sodium chloride or sodium 1 nitrate, zinc chloride,

.to almost N-solutions of hydroxides If desired, used higher concentrations of caustic alkalies.

Switzerland, as- Chemical Industry in Switzerland application M1115, 1938, Divided and this appli- Serial No. 261,842. In

Jilly 10, 1937 6 Claims. (01. 8-49) -,the operation in the presence of water-soluble salts which reduce the solubility of the esterlike products on the fiber, either by applying them in greater quantities or by converting the ester-like product into sparingly soluble salts by double reaction.

In the former case, which is the subject mat application Serial No. 217,633,

sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate or magnesium chloride (the latter preferably in the presence of ammo um salts such as ammbnium chloride). Such salts may simultaneously also be used as saponifying agents, this is the case if salts having an alkaline reaction are used, such as for example alkali phosphates or alkali carbonates. In the latter case which is the subject matter of the present application, it is advantageous 'to use barium chloride,'calcium chloride, barium aluminium .sulfate and the also be eflected in such a manner that the use of a bath in the. treatment with the-saponifying .agents is avoided. This may be brought about for example by a treatment with basic vapors such as ammonia gas or organic amines in the form of vapor. This manner of working is the subject matter of my copending application Serial No. 261,841, filed like. Working may" Serial No. 217,633 and of the copend-- Serial No. 261,841 are alsoto be plication ing application ,taken into consideration when judging the scope of the disclosure 'o'fthe present application. 5 When carrying out the-operation in aqueous baths there are preferably used such hydroxyl ion concentrations which correspond toN/lO up of the alkali N/10 to N/15. solutions are 4o course also be metals. Preferably there may 'of The treating liquors may contain further additions, determined by the nature of the fabric, by any accom anying dyestuffs which may be fixed on the fibreby some other method or by other reasons. Such additional substances are wetting agents, agents promoting penetration, thickening agents, oxidizing agents or the like.

I The process of the invention is not only applicable to the products of the aforesaid U. S. patent specifications. It may be used .quite generally for water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestufls which contain in the acyl residue a group determining solubility in water (for instance,.the products of the U.v S. patent application Serial No. 173,528, filed November-8, 1937). It is suitable both for dyeing in the narrower sense and for printing.

The following examples illustrate the invention:

Example 1 droxynaphthoic acid 60 Water 'I'hiodiglycnl Urea 100 Neutral starch tragacanth thickening 500 Trisodium phosphate solution 1:4 50

This paste is printed on a fabric which may consist of viscose satin or of cotton or a mixture of cotton and artificial silk from regenerated cellulose, which is then dried and'treated in the Mather-Flatt apparatus for 5-10 minutes. The print is then treated in the reeling vat for 5 minutes at 25 C. with an aqueous solution containing per litre 10 grams of crystallized barium chloride. and 10 grams of sodium hydroxide. The print is then rinsed as described above, soured and soaped. There is obtained an intense i'ast' violet print on the artificial silk.

The procedure is similar with other fibers such as silk or wool or with mixtures of such fibers with'those of the preceding paragraph.

If necessary the barium chloride may be replaced by calcium chloride, strontium nitrate or magnesium chloride (in the presence of ammonium chloride) The sodium hydroxide may also be replaced by potassium hydroxide and, if desi'red, there may be used greater quantities of caustic alkalies. V

Example 2 The following two printing pastes-are prepared:

- (a) Grams The product of the action of meta-benzoicv acid sulfochloride on the azo-dyestufi from diazotized- 3-chloraniline and the anilide of 2:3-hydroxynaphthoic acid Water 270 Urea 50 Resorcinol 50 Neutral starch tragacanth thickening 550 Grams A paste of 20 per cent strength of tetra- The potash thickening is made as follows:

Grams Wheat starch 110 Water 'Iragacanth thickening (60/1000) 250 British gum 200 Potassium carbonate 170 Glycerine 100 The two colors are printed simultaneously in a two-roller machine on cotton; the print is dried and treated for 5-10 minutes in the Mather-Flatt apparatus and then in a reeling vat for 5 minutes at 25 C. with an aqueous solution containing per litre 7 grams of sodium hydroxide and 2 .grams of sodium bichromate in addition to 200 or 300 grams of sodium chloride or potassium chloride or 10 to 20 grams of crystallized barium chloride. Instead of 7 grams of sodium hydroxide there may also be used 50 to 100 cc. of concentrated ammonia solution.

The cotton is then rinsed as described above. soured and soaped; there is obtained a fast briiliant orange and blue two-color print.

Example 3 10 parts by weight of bleached cellulose are ground with 500 parts of water. To the mass action of sulfobenzoyl chloride on the azo-dyestuff from diazotized 4:4'-di-chloro-2-aminodiphenyl ether and the ortho-anisidide of 2:3-hydroxy-naphthoic acid, and the whole is thoroughly mixed. There is then added 0.5 part by volume of a sodium hydroxide solution of 36 B. which has been previously diluted with 5 parts of water, the whole is mixed again and 30 parts of a barium chloride solution of 20 per cent strength are added. After mixing the product is sized by the addition of 3 parts by volume of an' aluminium sulfate solution of 20 per cent strength and 3 parts by volume of a resin size solution of 5 per cent strengt The efliuent water is completely clear and the paper is colored fast red.

What I claim is:

.1. Process for producing dyeings by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on substrata with sapcnifying agents, comprising eflecting the saponitication with aqueous caustic aikalies which are n/10 to n-solutions in the presence of water-soluble salts which by double reaction convert the acyl derivatives into sparingly soluble salts.

2. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulose with saponifying agents, comprising electing the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are n/10 to n-solutions in the presence of watercation with aqueous caustic alkalies which are 11/10 to n-solutions in the presence of watersoluble salts of the alkaline earth metals.

4. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulose with saponifying agents. comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are n/ 10 to n-solutions in the presence of watersoluble salts of the alkaline earth metals.

5. Process for producing dyeings by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestufis which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on substrata with saponiiying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are n/ 10 to n-solutions in the presence of water-soluble barium salts.

6. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulose with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalie's which are n/10 to n-solutions in the presence of watersoluble barium salts.

CHARLES GRAENACHER. 

